White hydraulic cement and process of making the same.



JOHN GUSTAF ADOLF RHODIN, OF LONDON, ENGLAND, ASSIGNOR TO GIDBERT NOSENBUSCH, OF LONDON, ENGLAND.

wnrrn HYDRAULIC CEMENT-AND rnocnss or MAKING THE SAME.

No Drawing.

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, JOHN GUSTAF AnoLr RHoDIN, a subject of the King of Sweden, residing at London, England, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in.

In practicingthe invention I first prepare a mixture of the chosen ingredients by pill verizing the same either separately or together and then mixing them to secure a thoroughly homogeneous mass. The pulverization may be accomplishd in any of the well known forms of apparatus commonly employed for such purposes as, for instance.

a tube mill. The ingredients which I prefer to use are feldspar, preferably of the orthoclase variety, quicklime, common salt, potash alum, and megnesium sulfate. As some variation may be made in the proportions of these ingredients I describe the following examples which have given good results in actual practice:

Example A: 150 parts of feldspar, 150 parts of quicklime, 6 parts of potash alum, 3 parts of common salt and 3 parts of magnesium sulfate. e

Example B: 240 parts offeldspar, 180 parts of quicklime, 8 parts of potash alum, 4 parts of common salt and 4 parts of magnesium sulfate.

A good white hydraulic cement may be made by mixing together in a finely divided state from 150 to 240parts of fel'd spar, from 150 to 180 parts quicklime, from 6 to 8 parts alum and from 3 to 4 parts common salt; that is, sodium chlorid. To this may be added from 3 to 4 parts magnesium sulfate. a temperature at'which it will remain in a which is between, degrees centigrade.

After the materials, have been reduced to a finely divided state and thoroughly mixed, they are calcined in a suitable furnace. This may be of any well known form. The materials should be subjected for about'one hour to a temperature not exceeding 1110 degrees centigrade for Example A, and not Specification of Letters Patent.

ample B. The average feldspar may The mixture should be calcined atvmore total aluminathan an known to me without any etriment to its Patented Feb. 20, 1912.

Application filed January 6, 1911. Serial No. 601,152.

exceeding 1000 degrees centigrade for Extemperature should be about 50 degrees centigrade less than the maximum amount given. On the other hand, the temperatures should not fall below 900 degrees centigrade or the necessary reactions will not be brought about. The maximum temperature is determined from' the fact in the case of any particular mix ture that it should be such a temperature. as will not cause clinkering or render regrinding necessary and will not bring out residual colors from the minute quantities of coloring oxids which occur even with the purest natural minerals. The maximum temperature varies with the amount of lime in the mixture. If the temperature is too high the resulting product will not have the same hydraulic properties as when the proper temperature is maintained and it will clinker or become lumpy and will have to be reground yvhereas if the proper temperature is maintained the "materials will come out of the furnace after calcination in the same ,finely divided state asthey went in. The resulting product is a hydraulic cem lant of good quality and of pure white co or.

Considerable variation may take place in I the amount .and proportions ofthe different ingredients employed, but of course as the resulting product is to .be. white no in gredient should be employed which will give a resulting color. For instance the magnesium sulfate cannot be replaced with ferrous sulfate. The magnesium sulfate may however be entirely omitted, and the potash be. replaced by soda feldspar. It will be noted that the principal ingredi: ent, the feldspar is itself substantially free from lime. This insures a perfect control of the lime course bereplaced by an aluminum compound having substantially the same aluminum content. powdered, unsintered state; a temperature as a rule, 900 and 1110.

The actual product of the invention from a chemical point of view seems tobe a true cement with an inactive silicate of alumina present, and therefore this product contains other cement properties.

The advantages of the invention are that "the product is pure white in color,

it is produced economically and quickly t l g -a content. The alum may of .peratures, and in two operations only, viz: grinding and calcining. It has good storing .qualities and its ingredients are cheap and readily procured.

.5 What I claim as new and desire to secure by Letters Patent is r- 1. The process of making a white hydraulic cement which comprises producing in a finely divided state a mixture of a mineral of the feldspar group with a suit- -able proportion of lime and-common salt, and calcining the mixture at a temperature above 900 centigrade but below such a temperature as would cause clinkering and make I regrinding necessary or would color the product. I

2. The process of making white hydraulic cement which consists first in pulverizing and mixing a natural mineral having a large content of silicate of alumina, common salt and a suitable aluminum compound and secondly in calcining the mixture at a temperature, above 900 centigrade but below such a temperature as would cause clinkering and make regrinding necessary or would color the product.

3. The porcess of making white hydraulic cement which consists first in pulverizing and mixing a natural mineral having a large content of silicate of alumina, common salt, a suitable aluminum compound and magnesium sulfate, and secondly in calcining the mixturn at a temperature above 900 centigrade but below such a temperature as would cause clinkering and make regrinding necessary or would color the product.

4. The process of making a white hydraulic cement which consists in mixing together in a finely divided state suitable proportions of potash feldspar, quicklime, potash alum, common salt and magnesium sulfate and then calcining the mixture at a temperature below that at which the product would clinker, form lumps or develop color. 45 5. The process of making a white hydraulic cement which consists in mixing together in a finely divided state suitable proportions of feldspar, quicklime, an aluminum compound and common salt and calcin- 50'ing the mixture at a temperature at which the ingredients will form a cementitious body but will remain in the powdered form.

6. The process of making a white hydraulic cementwhich consists in mixing together in a finely divided state from 150 to townie 240 parts of feldspar, from 150 to 180 parts of quicklime, from 6 to 8 parts of alum, and from 3 to a parts of common salt, and calcining the mixture at a temperature between 900 and 1100 degrees centigrade and at which it will remain in the original powdered state.

7. The process of making. a white hydraulic cement which consists in mixing together in a fineli y divided state from 150 to 240 parts of fel spar, from 150 to 180 parts of quicklime, from 6 to8 parts of alum, from 3 to 4 parts of common salt and from 3 to 4 part-s of magnesium sulfate, and calcining the mixture at a temperature between 900 and 1100 degrees centigrade and at which it will remain in the original powdered state.

8. A white hydraulic cement comprising a calcined unsintered mixture of powdered feldspar, quicklime, alum, salt and magnesium sulfate, said composition retaining its original powdered form but readily setting with water.

9. A white hydraulic cement comprising a calcined unsintered mixture of powdered feldspar, quick lime, an aluminum compound and common salt, said composition retaining its original powdered form but readily setting with Water.

10. A white hydraulic cement comprising a calcined unsintered mixture of a powdered natural mineral having a large content of silicate of alumina and free from lime, quicklime, an aluminum compound and common salt.

11. A white hydraulic cement comprising a calcined unsintered mixture of powdered' feldspar, quicklime, an alumlnum compound, common saltand a small proportion of magnesium sulfate.

12. A whitehydraulic cement comprising a calcined unsintered mixture of a powdered natural mineral having a large content of silicate of alumina and free from llme, quicklime, an aluminum compound and common salt, and a small proportion sulfate.

In testimony whereof I have affixed my signature in presence of two witnesses.

vJOHN GUS'EAF ADOLF RHODIN.

of magnesium Witnesses:

- BJPLEY WILSON, C. P. Lrnnon. 

